Headaches in Children
April 10, 2026
Headaches are common in children and are usually due to benign causes, yet they understandably worry families. Migraine, tension-type headache, and infections are among the most frequent explanations. A careful history and examination help avoid unnecessary tests while recognizing serious causes early.
Types of headache in children
Migraine often causes throbbing pain on one or both sides, with nausea and sensitivity to light or sound. Tension-type headache is usually mild to moderate, on both sides, and feels like a tight band. Viral infections may cause short-lived headache. Rare secondary causes such as brain tumor, hydrocephalus, or meningitis may appear with warning signs, which is why history and examination matter.
When should you pay attention?
Sudden severe “worst headache of life,” headache with seizure, morning vomiting, or steadily increasing frequency and intensity may require urgent evaluation. Headaches that cause missed school more than once a week or come with behavioral change should be assessed. Frequent pain reliever use may lead to rebound headache and also warrants review.
- Sudden severe headache with altered consciousness
- Headache with fever and suspected neck stiffness
- Headaches becoming more frequent and severe
- Vision loss, double vision, or imbalance
- Child waking with morning vomiting
When to see a neurologist and tips for families
Pediatric neurology evaluation is helpful for recurring headaches that affect daily life. Keep a two-week headache diary recording time, duration, severity, nausea, and possible triggers. Regular sleep, adequate fluids, and limiting screen time reduce headache frequency in many children. MRI is not needed for every headache; your physician plans tests based on warning signs. Know emergency criteria and do not delay care when they appear.
This article is for general information only. Your child needs an individual medical assessment.